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利用高速相机测得的地面图形相对卫星的位移,结合星敏感器测得的姿态信息,基于卫星相对地面的速度是一个非线性变化过程这一事实,实现低轨卫星的自主导航。相对于传统的陆标识别自主导航,该方法不需识别地面物体或景象,只需利用图像之间的位移关系,经相关性分析后,便可获得卫星相对于地面的速度信息。因此,不需要存储地面物体或景象的先验信息,故减轻了存储负担。文中还构建了系统的状态方程和量测方程,采用卡尔曼滤波器进行信息滤波。仿真分析显示,该系统具有较好的自主导航精度,可以应用于低轨卫星的自主导航。
Based on the fact that the velocity of satellite relative to the ground is a non-linear change process, the autopassing of LEO satellites can be realized by using the relative displacement of the ground pattern measured by high-speed camera and the attitude information measured by the star sensor. Compared with traditional landmarks recognition autonomous navigation, this method does not need to recognize the ground object or the scene, only needs to use the displacement relation between the images, after the correlation analysis, can obtain the speed information of the satellite relative to the ground. Therefore, there is no need to store a priori information of ground objects or scenes, thereby reducing the storage burden. The article also builds the system of state equations and measurement equations, the use of Kalman filter for information filtering. Simulation analysis shows that the system has better autonomous navigation accuracy and can be applied to autonomous navigation of LEO satellites.