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文献是中国固有词汇,其意义随着历史发展产生变化。郑玄时代“文献”更多被理解为品格和才华,朱熹时代开始“文献”逐渐向书籍资料的意义演进。“文献学”是一个取自日本学术界的外来名词。在中国学术界,文献学最初由梁启超提出,并形成了以古典阐释学为核心的文献学内涵。这与日本学术界以文本考证研究为基础的文献学概念基本一致。日本所使用的文献学实则是对德国Philologie的翻译,意为以语言学为基础的文本考证研究。这种学术与中国传统的校雠学、考据学非常相似,因此最终能够融合在一起。
Literature is an inherent word in China and its significance changes with the development of history. Zheng Xuan era “literature ” is more understood as character and talent, Zhu Xi era began “literature ” gradually evolved to the meaning of books. “Philology ” is a foreign term taken from Japanese academia. In Chinese academia, philology was originally proposed by Liang Qichao, and formed the connotation of philology with classical hermeneutics as the core. This is consistent with the concept of philology based on textual research in Japanese academia. The philology used in Japan is, in fact, a translation of Philologie in Germany, which means textual research based on linguistics. This kind of academic and Chinese traditional school of science, textual research is very similar, so eventually be able to blend together.