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西方发达资本主义国家的价格政策主要包括以下四个方面的内容:(1)通过颁布反托拉斯法反对垄断,维护公平竞争。(2)对公用事业的价格制定进行指导和管制。(3)对农产品价格实行保护政策。(4)实行收入政策和反通货膨胀政策。一、关于反对垄断,维护公平竞争问题西方发达资本主义国家是以私人企业制度为基础的市场经济国家,实行企业自由定价机制,价格在市场上由供求关系自发调节形成。按照西方微观经济学的观点,完全竞争的市场机制符合帕累托最优状况,即能使生产者、消费
The western developed capitalist country's price policy mainly includes the following four aspects: (1) opposes monopoly by enacting antitrust law, and maintains fair competition. (2) to guide and control the pricing of public utilities. (3) implement the protection policy on the price of agricultural products. (4) The implementation of income policy and anti-inflation policy. I. Opposition to Monopoly and Protection of Fair Competition The western developed capitalist countries are market economy countries based on the private enterprise system. They implement a free enterprise pricing mechanism and their prices are formed spontaneously in the market by the relationship between supply and demand. According to Western microeconomics, the perfectly competitive market mechanism is in line with the Pareto optimality, which enables producers, consumers