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目的分析浙江省2010-2013年水痘减毒活疫苗接种后疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生情况,评价水痘疫苗的安全性。方法通过中国疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统,收集2010-2013年报告的接种水痘疫苗后发生的AEFI个案,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析评价。结果浙江省2010-2013年累计报告接种水痘疫苗后发生的AEFI个案312例,报告发生率12.10/10万剂,异常反应报告94例,报告发生率3.64/10万剂。各地区报告差异性较大,报告发生率最高的市与最低的市相差近3倍,男女性别比为1.05∶1,夏季报告较多,年龄构成比以1岁组为主。临床损害以发热、红肿、硬结等一般反应较多,异常反应则以过敏性皮疹为主,绝大部分反应发生在接种后1d内且预后较好。结论浙江省水痘疫苗安全性良好,但应重点关注急性过敏反应的监测、诊断及处置。
Objective To analyze the incidence of suspected immunization inoculation (AEFI) after inoculation of live attenuated varicella vaccine from 2010 to 2013 in Zhejiang Province to evaluate the safety of varicella vaccine. Methods AEFI cases reported after vaccination with chickenpox in 2010-2013 were collected through the Chinese information system on suspected anaphylaxis vaccination and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 312 AEFI cases were reported in Zhejiang Province during 2010-2013 after vaccination with chickenpox vaccine. The reported incidence was 12.10 per 100 000 doses, 94 anomalous reactions were reported, and the reported incidence was 3.64 per 100 000 doses. The reports of different regions are quite different. The cities with the highest reported incidence are nearly 3 times those with the lowest, with a male-female ratio of 1.05: 1. There are more reports in summer and the age-specific ratio is dominated by the 1-year-old group. Clinical damage to the general fever, redness, induration and other more general response to anaphylactic reaction is the main rash, most of the reaction occurred within 1d after vaccination and the prognosis is good. Conclusion Zhejiang chickenpox vaccine is safe, but the monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of acute allergic reaction should be focused on.