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以9个红花品种为试验材料,估算了13个性状的遗传力、遗传变异系数、遗传进度和遗传相关。结果表明:分枝高度、百粒重、株高的遗传力较高,可在早期世代选择。百粒体积、小区籽粒产量的遗传力低,可在高世代连续定向选择或进行间接选择。分枝高度、单株花产量的遗传变异系数和遗传进度很大,开花期,百粒体积的则很小。前者可根据表型选择.后者表型选择效果较差,可适当放宽选择标准。通过对株高、分枝高度的间接选择,可提高含油率。通过对株高、分枝高度、开花期、单株总粒数、单株有效球数的间接选择,可增加单株花产量。改进栽培管理技术措施,降低株高、提早开花期,增加一级分枝数和单株总粒数,可提高单株粒重。增加单株粒重,可提高含油率。增加单株有效果球数,可提高单株花产量。
Nine safflower cultivars were used as experimental materials to estimate the heritability, genetic variation coefficient, genetic progress and genetic correlation of 13 traits. The results showed that the heritability of branch height, 100-grain weight and plant height was high, which could be selected in the early generation. The 100-grain size and the low heritability of plot grain yield can be continuously orometrically selected in high generations or indirectly. Branching height, coefficient of variation of single flower yield and genetic progress great, flowering, 100-volume is very small. The former can choose according to the phenotype.The latter phenotype selection effect is poor, may be appropriate to relax the selection criteria. Through the plant height, the indirect choice of branch height, can increase the oil content. Through the plant height, branch height, flowering period, the total number of grains per plant, the number of effective ball per plant indirect selection, increase the yield per plant. Improve cultivation and management techniques and measures to reduce plant height, early flowering stage, an increase in the number of branches and the total number of single grain, grain weight per plant can be increased. Increase grain weight per plant, can increase oil content. Increasing the number of effective fruit ball per plant, can improve the yield per plant.