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目的探讨石河子地区不同年份及年龄、性别、民族的胃疾病患者中幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的差异。方法回顾性分析2007～2011年行胃镜检查并Hp染色病理学诊断的25 699例患者的临床资料。结果 25 699例胃镜检查患者中,Hp总的感染率为36.54%,2007～2011年各年份感染率分别为35.81%、35.03%、36.96%、36.80%、36.88%(P>0.01);男、女Hp感染率分别为38.10%、33.08%(P<0.01);汉族、哈萨克族的感染率分别为36.61%、50.91%(P<0.01);年龄12～20岁、21～30岁、31～40岁、41～50岁、51～60岁、61～70岁、71～89岁患者的感染率分别为28.57%、30.62%、35.36%、37.59%、44.46%、39.24%、29.37%(P<0.01),60岁之前随年龄增长感染率逐渐升高,至51～60岁者Hp感染率达高峰,之后呈下降趋势(P均<0.01)。慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、复合溃疡和胃癌的Hp感染率分别为25.43%、49.08%、50.62%、64.74%、78.81%、19.46%(P<0.01)。结论新疆石河子地区25 699例胃镜检查患者Hp感染率为36.54%,低于全国自然人群平均感染率55.00%。不同民族、性别、年龄、胃疾病患者,其感染率均有差异。可能与当地气候及环境、医疗卫生等有关。今后应进行当地自然人群Hp调查,进一步研究影响Hp感染的因素,以期能够找到经济、有效的防治方案。
Objective To investigate the differences of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in patients with gastric diseases in different years, ages, sexes and ethnic groups in Shihezi region. Methods The clinical data of 25 699 patients diagnosed by gastroscopy and Hp staining from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The total infection rate of Hp was 36.54% in 25 699 cases of gastroscopy patients. The infection rates in each year from 2007 to 2011 were 35.81%, 35.03%, 36.96%, 36.80% and 36.88% respectively (P> 0.01) The prevalence of Hp infection in women was 38.10% and 33.08%, respectively (P <0.01). The prevalence of Hp infection in Han and Kazakans was 36.61% and 50.91% respectively (P <0.01) The infection rates of patients 40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51-60 years old, 61-70 years old and 71-89 years old were 28.57%, 30.62%, 35.36%, 37.59%, 44.46%, 39.24%, 29.37% <0.01). Before the age of 60, the infection rate increased with age. The Hp infection rate reached the peak between 51 and 60 years old and then decreased (P <0.01). The Hp infection rates of chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, complex ulcer and gastric cancer were 25.43%, 49.08%, 50.62%, 64.74%, 78.81% and 19.46%, respectively (P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of Hp infection in 25 699 gastroscopy patients in Shihezi region of Xinjiang was 36.54%, which was lower than the average infection rate of 55.00% in the national natural population. Different ethnic groups, gender, age, stomach disease patients, the infection rates are different. May be related to the local climate and environment, health care and so on. In the future, local Hp surveys of natural populations should be carried out to further study the factors that affect Hp infection in order to find an economical and effective prevention and treatment plan.