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煤直接液化是将煤在高温高压下与与氢反应,使其降解和加氢,从而转化为液体油料等(如汽油、柴油、航空燃料和化工原料等)的工艺,又称加氢液化。一般情况下,一吨无水无灰基煤能转化成半吨液化油。 煤炭直接液化作为生产石油替代品的工艺技术,是其它能源包括核能、电能、太阳能所代替不了的,开展煤炭直接液化研究对平衡能源结构,解决石油短缺具有重大战略意义。
Direct coal liquefaction is a process in which coal reacts with hydrogen at high temperature and high pressure to degrade and hydrogenate it, thereby converting it into liquid oil (such as gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, and chemical raw materials, etc.), also known as hydrogenation liquefaction. Under normal circumstances, one ton of anhydrous ash-free coal can be converted into half a tonne of liquefied oil. The direct liquefaction of coal as a technology to produce petroleum substitutes is not replaced by other energy sources including nuclear energy, electric energy, and solar energy. It is of great strategic significance to carry out research on direct liquefaction of coal to balance energy structure and solve oil shortage.