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目的调查了解玉环县0~14岁儿童哮喘患病状况及相关影响因素,为儿童哮喘防治提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,对1 100名哮喘儿童进行25项相关因素的流行病学调查,应用Logistic回归分析,筛选主要因素,得出相关变量的偏回归系数及优势比。结果各年龄组儿童哮喘患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);首次发病年龄<3岁的患儿最多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);发作强度以中度最为常见(82.0%)。发作类型以突然发作最多(92.4%);好发季节换季时最多(47.0%);觉发病诱因最主要是呼吸道感染(91.1%);临床症状主要为喘鸣、咳嗽、憋气、胸闷、呼吸延长和呼吸困难等。结论哮喘与遗传及环境因素存在较大关联,应加强对儿童的各种保护措施,使其远离各种高危影响因素,保护玉环县儿童身体健康。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of asthma in children aged 0 ~ 14 in Yuhuan County, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of asthma in children. Methods A multistage sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of 25 related factors in 1,100 asthmatic children. Logistic regression analysis was used to select the main factors and the partial regression coefficients and odds ratios of the related variables were obtained. Results There was no significant difference in the prevalence of asthma in children of all ages (P> 0.05). The incidence of first onset was less than 3 years old (P <0.01) 82.0%). The most frequent episodes were sudden onset (92.4%), predilection season (47.0%) and respiratory predation (91.1%). The main clinical symptoms were wheezing, cough, suffocation, chest tightness and prolonged respiration And breathing difficulties. Conclusion There is a great association between asthma and genetic and environmental factors. Various protective measures should be strengthened for children to keep them away from various risk factors and protect the health of children in Yuhuan County.