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1860年,第二次鸦片战争后,中国被迫签订的《天津条约》和《北京条约》中规定,中国和西方国家必须互派使节。1861年,总理各国事务衙门成立,开始向海外派遣考察人员、留学生和外交使节,考察、学习以及办理外交事务。由此,中国逐渐形成了一股出国热潮。许多出国人员纷纷用游记形式记录下了对外部世界的观察和感受。而日本在明治维新之后迅速崛起,也成为中国人了解和学习的对象。
In 1860, after the Second Opium War, China was forced to sign the Treaty of Tianjin and the Treaty of Beijing which stipulated that China and the Western countries must send diplomatic envoys each other. In 1861, the Yamen, the prime minister’s affairs for all countries, was set up and began to send expatriates, overseas students and diplomatic envoys abroad to study, study and handle foreign affairs. As a result, China has gradually formed an upsurge of going abroad. Many expatriates have recorded the observation and feeling of the outside world in the form of travel notes. Japan rapidly emerged after the Meiji Restoration and became an object of Chinese understanding and learning.