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目的 研究和探讨微囊藻毒素LR(MCLR)对SD孕鼠及胎鼠的致畸和损伤作用。方法 64只雌性SD大鼠分为 3个实验组和 1个对照组 ,每组 1 6只大鼠 ,实验组分别腹腔注射MCLR 4、1 6、62 μg/kg ,对照组注射等量生理盐水 ,共 1 0d。 2 0d后处死孕鼠 ,观察脏器的畸形及组织学变化。结果 不同剂量的MCLR均可通过胎盘屏障进入胎鼠体内 ,影响胚胎的形成和发育 ,导致胎鼠发育畸形或脏器发育不良及损伤。当给孕鼠剂量为 62 μg/kg的MCLR时 ,畸胎率为 1 1 .70‰ (2 / 1 72 ) ;同时胎鼠肝脏呈点状出血及重度水样变性 ;肾脏皮质和髓质发育不良 ,肾小球未发育 ,呈肾芽胚状结构。当MCLR剂量为 1 6μg/kg时 ,仍可出现胚胎外形畸形 ,畸胎率为 6 .76‰ (1 / 1 55) ;肝脏呈重度水样变性 ,且肾小球发育欠佳。结论 MCLR可透过胎盘屏障造成肝、肾等脏器损伤 ,可能在胚胎期就已形成肝癌高发基础。
Objective To study and investigate the effects of microcystin LR (MCLR) on the teratogenicity and injury of SD pregnant rats and fetus. Methods Sixty-four female SD rats were divided into three experimental groups and one control group, with 16 rats in each group. The experimental groups were injected intraperitoneally with MCLR 4,1 6,62 μg / kg and control group with the same amount of normal saline , A total of 1 0d. Pregnant rats were sacrificed after 20 days to observe the abnormalities and histological changes of organs. Results Different doses of MCLR can enter the fetal rat through the placental barrier, affecting the formation and development of the embryo, resulting in fetal malformation or organ dysplasia and damage. The teratogenic rate was 11.7% (2/1 72) when the MCLR at a dose of 62 μg / kg was administered to the pregnant mice; at the same time, the liver of the fetal rat showed spotted hemorrhage and severe watery degeneration; and the development of renal cortex and medulla Adverse, glomerular undeveloped, was embryoid kidney-like structure. When the MCLR dose was 16μg / kg, embryo appearance deformity could still occur, with a teratogenic rate of 6.76 ‰ (1/15 55). The liver showed severe watery degeneration and poor glomerular development. Conclusion MCLR can damage the liver and kidneys through the placental barrier and may form a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in embryonic stage.