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以多像素光子计数器(MPPC)的光电特性和实验结果为基础,通过对传统的工作在线性模式下的雪崩光电二极管的信噪比公式进行修正,得到了适用于MPPC的信噪比表达式。对在随机光子探测模式下的信噪比表达式进行了数值计算和实验验证。数值模拟结果显示在随机光子照射下,最小可探测光子通量的量级为103 count/s,最小可探测功率量级为10-15 W。对短脉冲光子探测模式下的光子计数信噪比表达式进行了数值分析,结果显示,利用调节合适的光电子数等效阈值进行光子计数的方法能够大大提高探测器的信噪比,该方法相比于传统的光子探测器有明显而独特的优势,在短脉冲弱光探测的场合,诸如脉冲激光测距、高能粒子物理等方面有较大的应用前景。
Based on the photoelectric characteristics and experimental results of multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC), the signal to noise ratio (SNR) expression for MPPC is obtained by modifying the traditional SNR equation of avalanche photodiode operating in linear mode. The signal-to-noise ratio expression in stochastic photon detection mode is numerically calculated and experimentally verified. The numerical simulation results show that under the random photon irradiation, the minimum detectable photon flux is 103 count / s and the minimum detectable power is 10-15 W. The numerical analysis of the photon counting signal-to-noise ratio in the short pulse photon detection mode shows that the method of photon counting by adjusting the equivalent threshold of the photoelectron number can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the detector. Compared with the traditional photon detector has obvious and unique advantages in short-pulse weak light detection occasions, such as pulsed laser ranging, high-energy particle physics and other aspects of the larger application prospects.