医院获得性肺炎(hospital acquired pneumonia,HAP)又称医院内肺炎(nosocomial pneumonia,NP)是指入院时不存在也不处于感染的潜伏期,而于入院48h 后在医院(包括老年护理院、康复院)内发生的细菌、真菌、支原体等肺实质炎症。国际上多数报道 HAP 发生率0.5%～1.0%。在我国是第1位的医院内感染,占29.5%。发生率是1.3%～3.45%,病死率为20%～ Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP), also known as nosocomial pneumonia (nosocomial pneumonia, NP) refers to the absence or infection in hospital incubation period, and in the hospital 48h after admission (including the elderly nursing home, rehabilitation hospital ) Occurred within the bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma and other pulmonary parenchymal inflammation. The majority of the international coverage of HAP incidence of 0.5% to 1.0%. In our country is the No. 1 hospital infection, accounting for 29.5%. The incidence was 1.3% ~ 3.45%, case fatality rate was 20% ~