目的:分析椎管内神经鞘瘤的MRI表现和病理学基础,探讨肿瘤的MRI特点与病理学相关性。方法:选择44例经手术病理证实的椎管内神经鞘瘤。观察肿瘤的形态、边界、MRI信号特征,强化程度及与周围脊髓的关系以及病理学表现。结果:椎管内神经鞘瘤多位于髓外硬膜下,呈圆形、类圆形,部分骑跨硬膜内外,呈哑铃形。T1WI多为等信号或稍低信号,T2WI多表现为高信号。信号多数均匀,部分囊变者信号不均匀。强化后形式多变,依据肿瘤是实体型、囊变型或混合型而分别表现为均匀强化、环形强化或不均匀强化。结论:根据椎管内神经鞘瘤的MRI表现及强化特点,可准确定位并推测其病理类型,做出明确诊断。 Objective: To analyze the MRI manifestations and pathological basis of neurilemmoma in the spinal canal and to explore the relationship between MRI features and pathology. Methods: Forty-four patients with neurilemoma confirmed by surgery and pathology were selected. Morphology, boundary, MRI signal characteristics, the degree of enhancement and the relationship with the surrounding spinal cord and pathological findings were observed. Results: The schwannoma in the spinal canal was mostly located outside the extramedullary dura, which was round and round in shape. It was dumbbell-shaped in part riding inside and outside the dura. T1WI mostly equal signal or slightly lower signal, T2WI mostly high signal. The signal is mostly uniform, partially cystic signal is not uniform. After strengthening the form of changeable, depending on the tumor is solid, cystic variant or mixed type, respectively, showed uniform enhancement, annular enhancement or uneven enhancement. Conclusion: According to the MRI manifestations and enhancement features of schwannoma in spinal canal, the pathological types of the tumors can be accurately located and speculated, and a definite diagnosis can be made.