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目的了解云南省德宏州边境居民(以下简称“边民”)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染及相关卫生服务状况。方法运用配额抽样方法,在4个边境县(市)各选取1～2个乡镇,对15～60岁边境居民进行入户调查。匿名问卷调查收集社会人口学、艾滋病相关卫生服务等信息,并抽取5ml静脉血进行HIV抗体血清学检测。结果边民HIV感染率为0.34%,部分地区超过1.00%。52.10%的调查对象最近一年获得过防治艾滋病的卫生服务;15～29岁组与30～39岁组居民获得服务的可能性是50岁及以上居民的1.5倍;汉族与其他民族边民获得服务的可能性分别是傣族边民的1.5倍与1.6倍;有初中及以上文化程度的边民获得服务的可能性是初中以下者的1.6倍;农民获得服务的可能性是非农民的近3倍;与配偶等固定性伴近一年曾使用安全套者获得服务的可能性是从未使用者的2倍;陇川县、芒市和瑞丽市居民获得服务的可能性分别是盈江县居民的近17倍、15倍和49倍。结论虽然德宏州边民HIV感染率高于全国平均水平,但防治艾滋病卫生服务覆盖率仍较低。未来德宏州需进一步强化边民防艾工作,尤其要重点关注高年龄、文化水平低、傣族及非农民等人群,并加强盈江县艾滋病防治工作。
Objective To understand the status of HIV infection and related health services among border residents in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as “border residents”). Methods Using the quota sampling method, 1 or 2 townships were selected from each of the four border counties (cities) to conduct household surveys on border residents aged 15-60 years. Anonymous questionnaires collected social demography, AIDS-related health services and other information, and extracted 5ml venous blood for HIV antibody serological testing. Results border people HIV infection rate of 0.34%, in some areas more than 1.00%. 52.10% of the respondents have received HIV / AIDS health care services in the recent year; residents in the age group of 15-29 and 30-39 are 1.5 times more likely to be served by residents aged 50 and over; Han people and other nationalities have access to services Are 1.5 times and 1.6 times more likely than the Dai nationality; those who have a junior high school education or above are 1.6 times more likely to receive services than those below the junior high school level; farmers are nearly three times more likely to receive services than non-peasants; And other fixed sexual partners in the recent year had the possibility of access to services for condoms are twice as likely as never-before users; Longchuan County, Mangshi and Ruili residents are likely to receive services nearly 17 times the residents of Yingjiang , 15 times and 49 times. Conclusions Although HIV infection rates among people living in Dehong Prefecture are higher than the national average, the coverage rate of AIDS prevention and treatment services is still low. In the future, Dehong Prefecture needs to further strengthen its work on civil defense against AIDS. In particular, it is necessary to focus on people of high age, low education level, Dai people and non-peasants, and strengthen AIDS prevention and control work in Yingjiang County.