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目的观察天然冰片对大鼠下丘脑单胺类神经递质NE、E、5-HT、DA含量的影响,同时进行其时效和量效关系的观察,初步探讨冰片的作用靶点和作用机理。方法将168只Wistar大鼠随机分组,分别灌服生理盐水、1%CMC-Na,以及高、中、低剂量的冰片,每天灌胃2次,在0、45min、24h、72h、120h不同时相,用高效液相-电化学法检测大鼠下丘脑单胺类神经递质NE、E、5-HT、DA含量。结果灌服冰片45min后,冰片中、高剂量组对下丘脑NE含量有显著降低作用(P<0.05);对下丘脑E的含量,中、高剂量组和CMC-Na组相比有明显的降低作用(P<0.05);连续灌胃后,不同时相冰片各组下丘脑NE、E含量和CMC-Na组相比,继续呈现不同程度的下降作用,但对下丘脑5-HT无显著影响;在连续灌胃5d后,对DA含量有显著降低作用(P<0.05)。对大脑皮层乙酰胆碱含量无显著影响,对单胺氧化酶含量有升高的趋势,但除在24h时相,冰片中、高剂量组差异有显著性意义外(P<0.05),其余时相无显著差异。结论冰片在各个时相均有降低下丘脑NE、E含量的作用,而且随着剂量的递增,对下丘脑中的NE、E含量有逐渐降低的趋势,表现出一定的量效关系。推测芳香开窍中药冰片的药理作用方式可能通过调节中枢神经组织中单胺类神经递质含量达到稳态平衡有关。
Objective To observe the effects of natural Borneol on the contents of monoamine neurotransmitters NE, E, 5-HT and DA in rat hypothalamus. At the same time, observe the time-effect and dose-effect relationship, and explore the target and mechanism of borneol. Methods 168 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal saline, 1% CMC-Na, and high, medium, and low doses of borneol. The rats were intragastrically administered twice daily at 0, 45, 24, 72, and 120 hours. Phase, the contents of monoamine neurotransmitters NE, E, 5-HT, and DA in the hypothalamus were measured by high performance liquid-electrochemical method. Results After the administration of borneol for 45 min, the middle and high doses of borneol significantly reduced the hypothalamus NE content (P<0.05); the content of hypothalamic E was significantly higher in the middle and high dose groups than in the CMC-Na group. The effects were reduced (P<0.05); after continuous gavage, the contents of NE and E in hypothalamus of each group of borneol at different phases continued to show different degrees of decline compared with those of CMC-Na group, but no significant effect on 5-HT in hypothalamus. Effects; After continuous gavage for 5 days, the DA content was significantly reduced (P<0.05). There was no significant effect on the content of acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex, but the content of monoamine oxidase increased. However, except for the phase at 24 hours, there was significant difference between the middle and high doses of borneol (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the other phases. Conclusion Borneol can reduce the content of NE and E in the hypothalamus at all phases. With increasing doses, the NE and E contents in the hypothalamus decrease gradually, showing a certain dose-effect relationship. It is speculated that the pharmacological action of aphrodisiac borneol may be related to the homeostasis balance by regulating the content of monoamine neurotransmitters in the central nervous system.