1995年美国机床生产总值为49亿美元,较1994年增长了30％,其机床消费增长更快,高达34％,相当于消费了世界机床生产总量的1/5,成为目前世界上最大的机床消费国(表1)。 面对如此大的国内市场需求,许多工厂实行了二班制,联邦储备委员会公布的工业部门(含机床工业)的生产能力利用率已超过理论最大值的89％,而长期平均值为80％。 In 1995, the total value of US machine tool production was 4.9 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 30% compared with 1994, and its machine tool consumption grew even faster, at 34%, equivalent to consuming 1/5 of the world’s total production of machine tools, making it the largest in the world at present. The machine tool consuming countries (Table 1). In response to such a large domestic market demand, many factories have implemented two shifts. The utilization rate of the industrial sector (including the machine tool industry) announced by the Federal Reserve Board has exceeded the theoretical maximum of 89%, while the long-term average is 80%. .