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针对近年来正在成为一种呼声的以机制为核心的社会学解释,本文厘清了机制解释兴起的理论背景及其概念内涵,并概括了机制解释的三个核心特征:说明项与被说明项之间反复发生的事件过程,因果结构的多元性以及方法论上的个人主义。然而,在机制解释的实践中却出现了过度决定、忽视结构性因素以及因果一般性确认等困境。面对机制解释困境,本文从《儒法国家:中国历史的新理论》一书的方法论意义出发,分析其“宏观结构指引下机制研究”的方法论取向是如何超越传统机制解释困境的。
In view of the mechanism-centered sociological explanation that is becoming a kind of voice in recent years, this paper clarifies the theoretical background and connotation of the rise of mechanism interpretation and summarizes the three core features of mechanism interpretation: the explanation item and the explained item Recurring events, the causal structure of diversity and methodological individualism. However, in the practice of mechanism explanation, over-decision has appeared, ignoring the dilemma of structural factors and the general confirmation of cause and effect. In the face of the institutional explanation of the dilemma, this essay starts with the methodological significance of “Confucianism and France: A New Theory of Chinese History” and analyzes how the methodological orientation of “The Mechanism Study under the Guidance of Macroeconomics” goes beyond the traditional mechanism to explain the dilemma.