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目的了解湖北省血吸虫病重流行区养牛户对以机代牛的意向以及影响其意向的有关因素,为政府决策和促进以机代牛提出科学的应对策略与措施。方法选择湖北省22个血吸虫病重流行县(市、区)。每个县(市、区)按血吸虫病流行类型、种植结构等选择9个村400户养牛户的户主为调查对象,采用问卷调查表进行调查,并采用χ2检验和多重对应分析等对调查数据进行分析。结果共调查8239户养牛户,愿意淘汰牛的有4656户,占56.51%;影响养牛户意愿的主要因素包括所在村疫区类型、户主年龄、耕地分布结构、售牛及配种收入、家庭主要收入来源和年人均纯收入、家庭内是否有农耕机械、现有农机服务情况、养牛的主要原因等,其中户主年龄、耕地分布结构、人均收入、村疫区类型等关系最为密切。结论以机代牛是现阶段控制血吸虫病流行的最有效手段之一。目前多数养牛户持支持态度,但其广泛开展受社会经济发展水平、地势地貌、养牛户主年龄、农机服务水平、农业种植结构、农村基础设施等诸多因素的影响,因此必须科学布置,谨慎实施。
Objective To understand the intentions of cattle-raising households on cattle-by-cow and the related factors that affect their intention in cattle-breeding areas with high prevalence of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, and propose scientific countermeasures and measures for the government to make decisions and promote the generation of cattle by machine. Methods 22 schistosomiasis endemic counties (cities, districts) in Hubei Province were selected. Each county (city, district) according to the type of schistosomiasis, planting structure, etc. Select 400 households in nine villages cattle households as survey subjects, the use of questionnaires for surveys, and the use of χ2 test and multiple correspondence analysis of the survey Data analysis. Results A total of 8239 households were surveyed, of which 4656 households were willing to phase out cattle, accounting for 56.51%. The main factors influencing the willingness of cattle farmers include the type of affected area, the age of household heads, the distribution of cultivated land, income from sales of cattle and breeding, The main sources of income and annual per capita net income, whether there is farming machinery in the family, the existing farm machinery services, the main reason for raising cattle, etc. Among them, the relationship among the age of household heads, the distribution structure of cultivated land, per capita income and the types of village epidemic areas is the most closely related. Conclusion It is one of the most effective means to control the epidemic of schistosomiasis at the present stage by using machine-made cattle. At present, most cattle farmers hold supportive attitude, but they are widely affected by many factors such as the level of social and economic development, the topography and geography, the age of the head of cattle-raising, the service level of agricultural machinery, the structure of agricultural planting and rural infrastructure. Therefore, it must be scientifically arranged Implementation.