论文部分内容阅读
卡那霉素(以下简称KM)是Umezawa等由从土壤中分离出来的卡那链丝菌(strepso-myces Kanamyceticus)的培养液中提出的一种氨基糖甙类抗菌素。它有A、B、C三种,一般所称的KM系指卡那霉素A、KM血清中的半衰期为3～5小时。KM对肾脏及位听神经可产生毒性损害。其耳毒性主要作用于耳蜗系统,对前庭虽有损害但较轻且不多见。随着KM的广泛应用,所致耳中毒的患者屡屡发生,常规剂量下其发生率约为1%±,肾功能不良时,其发生率明显增多。KM中毒性聋多为双则性,一经出现,多难恢复。近年又发现妊娠豚鼠注射KM后,可造成胎鼠耳蜗损害。关于KM耳毒性的机理至今尚未搞清,更缺乏有效防治措施。国内目前这方面的研究还很少。我们通过病理组织学及组织化学的观察,研究了KM对耳蜗结构及其能量代谢的影响。为探索KM耳中毒的规律及其机理,寻找防治药物进行了实验研究。现将第一阶段结果报告如下:
Kanamycin (hereinafter referred to as KM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic proposed by Umezawa et al. In a culture solution of strepso-myces Kanamyceticus isolated from soil. It has A, B, C three kinds, commonly referred to as KM refers to kanamycin A, KM serum half-life of 3 to 5 hours. KM on the kidneys and bit of auditory nerve can produce toxic damage. The main role of ototoxicity in the cochlear system, despite the damage to the vestibule but lighter and rare. With the wide application of KM, patients with ototoxicity often occur, the incidence of conventional dose of about 1% ±, renal dysfunction, the incidence was significantly increased. KM poisoning deafness is more double nature, once appeared, more difficult to recover. In recent years found that guinea pigs after injection of KM, fetal cochlear damage can be caused. The mechanism of KM ototoxicity has not yet been clarified, the lack of effective prevention and treatment measures. Domestic research in this area is still very small. We observed the effects of KM on cochlear structure and its energy metabolism through histopathological and histochemical observations. In order to explore the rules and mechanism of KM ototoxicity, to find the prevention and treatment of drugs for experimental study. The results of the first phase are reported as follows: