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油气管道在运行过程中,难免受到初始安装不当、地质环境变化、油气中有害介质、海水冲蚀以及渔业捕捞等的影响,从而造成各种损伤和缺陷。正确评价各种损伤和缺陷对管道强度、寿命以及安全性的影响,对于保障油气管道的安全运行,避免经济损失和对生态环境的破坏,具有非常重要的现实意义。文章列举了国内外油气管道由安全隐患造成的事故及其后果,分析了影响现役油气管道安全性的主要因素,综述了国内外对现役损伤管道强度和寿命的评价准则、止裂判据以及地质灾害对油气管道安全性影响的研究成果。
Oil and gas pipelines in operation are inevitably affected by initial improper installation, geological environment changes, harmful substances in oil and gas, sea water erosion and fishing and other effects, resulting in a variety of injuries and defects. Correctly assessing the impact of various damage and defects on the pipe strength, life expectancy and safety is of great practical significance for ensuring the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines, avoiding economic losses and damaging the ecological environment. This paper lists the accidents and their consequences caused by potential safety hazards of oil and gas pipelines at home and abroad, analyzes the main factors affecting the safety of active oil and gas pipelines, reviews the evaluation criteria of domestic and international damaged pipe strength and life, crack arrest criteria and geological Disaster on the safety of oil and gas pipelines of the research results.