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目的了解油库工作场所职业病危害因素种类和水平。方法对2013年河南省23家油库工作场所苯、甲苯、溶剂汽油和噪声等职业病危害因素进行采样分析,根据相关标准和规范进行评价。结果油库的铁路卸油栈桥和铁路卸油泵房工作岗位均有出现苯、甲苯和溶剂汽油短时间接触浓度(CSTEL)超标,超标率均为2.5%(1/40);公路收发油台、公路收发油泵房和油库化验室工作岗位均出现溶剂汽油CSTEL超标,超标率均为5.0%(2/40)。汽油泵房工和发电机工接触的8 h等效声级(LEx,8h)最大值分别为91.9和86.6 d B(A),均超标,超标率分别为12.5%(1/8)和6.2%(1/16);中转油泵工、收/发油泵工、铁路卸油工和消防泵工的LEx,8h最大值分别为84.5、84.3、83.6和83.5 d B(A),接近职业接触限值85.0 d B(A)。结论河南省油库工作场所主要职业病危害因素有苯、甲苯、溶剂汽油和噪声,应加强职业卫生管理,预防发生职业病。
Objective To understand the types and levels of occupational hazards in the oil depot workplace. Methods Sampling and analyzing occupational hazards of benzene, toluene, solvent gasoline and noise in 23 oil depots in Henan Province in 2013 were analyzed according to relevant standards and norms. Results The CSTEL of benzene, toluene and solvent gasoline exceeded 2.5% (1/40) in both the unloading trestle and the unloading pump station of the oil depot. The roadside receiving and dispatching station, highway Receiving and receiving oil pump room and oil depot laboratory jobs are solvent gasoline CSTEL exceeded, exceeded the rate of 5.0% (2/40). The maximum values of 8 h equivalent sound level (LEx, 8h) of gas-oil pump house workers and generator workers were 91.9 and 86.6 d B (A), respectively, exceeding the standard values of 12.5% (1/8) and 6.2 % (1/16). The maximum values of LEx, 8h for relay oil pump workers, oil / fat pump workers, railway unloading workers and fire pump workers were 84.5, 84.3, 83.6 and 83.5 d B (A) Value 85.0 d B (A). Conclusion The main occupational hazards in Henan oil depot workplace are benzene, toluene, solvent gasoline and noise. Occupational health management should be strengthened to prevent occupational diseases.