通过对市场经济条件下铁路客运形势的分析，提出适应市场需求，建立效益观念，对现行旅客列车开行方案编制原则中的直通客流量原则进行改进。提出确定直通旅客列车开行的效益原则，并给出数学公式和计算简例。 Through the analysis of the situation of railway passenger transport in the market economy, this paper proposes to adapt to the market demand, establish the concept of efficiency, and improve the principle of direct passenger flow in the current passenger train operation plan. Put forward the principle of determining the benefit of direct passenger trains, and gave the mathematical formulas and calculation examples.