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火灾是城市地下空间内令人倍受关注的灾害问题,对火灾发生情形下的人员疏散及救援等问题进行研究,显得非常必要。本研究进行基于风险理论指导下的火灾疏散技术研究,将火灾发生情形下的风险制定为四级,分别为:可忽略的、稍加关注的、严重的与灾难性的,并进行基于2级火灾风险等级反向设计地下空间逃生结构。运用buildingEXOUDS专业疏散软件对发生于地下空间内的火灾风险事故进行模拟,以某隧道为例,对联络通道式结构间距进行优化设计,得到结论:在通风速度为3.0m/s情形下,联络通道间距设计为100m以下时,能满足火灾时的安全疏散,并指出这样的疏散方式所构成的风险等级,虽然是可被社会接受的。
Fire is a disaster that attracts much attention in the underground space of an urban area. It is very necessary to study the evacuation and rescue of personnel in the event of a fire. Based on the risk theory, this study conducts a research on fire evacuation technology, and sets the risk in case of fire to four levels, which are negligible, little attention, serious and catastrophic, Fire Risk Level Reverse Design Underground Space Escape Structure. Using building EXOUDS professional evacuation software to simulate the fire risk accident occurred in the underground space. Taking a tunnel as an example, the optimal design of the contact channel structure spacing is concluded. When the ventilation speed is 3.0m / s, the contact channel When the spacing is designed to be less than 100m, it can meet the safety evacuation in the event of a fire and points out the risk level of such evacuation, though acceptable to the society.