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《一九八四》是英国著名小说家乔治·奥威尔的代表作之一。过去研究者们大多从政治蕴含、权力统治和伦理关怀等角度对其进行论述,然而对小说中“科学”这一主题却关注较少。本文从西方文明演变进程特别是启蒙运动以来的科学发展史出发,兼用马克思主义文艺理论,观察奥威尔在《一九八四》中对于科学以及在科学影响之下社会百态的描述,探索奥威尔的科学观及其现实意义。作者以文学的形式介入现实世界,对未来科学将给社会和文明带来的负面效应做出了超前性预测,警惕世人勿让科学的神话变成科学的极权主义。
One of the masterpieces by George Orwell, a famous British novelist, In the past, researchers mostly discussed them from the aspects of political implication, power rule and ethical concern, however, they paid little attention to the subject of “science” in the novel. This article starts from the process of the evolution of western civilization, especially the history of scientific development since the Enlightenment, uses both Marxist theory of literature and art, and observes Orwell’s description of social phenomena under the influence of science and science under the “1984” Orwell ’s Scientific Concept and Its Practical Significance. The author intervenes in the real world in the form of literature, predicts the forward-looking nature of the negative effects that future science will bring to society and civilization, and warns the world not to turn scientific mythology into scientific totalitarianism.