从８０年代中后期以来，前苏联、东欧等国家先后经历了由传统的计划经济向市场经济的转轨，其转轨基本上遵循了所谓“休克疗法”。只有部分国家后来在面对激烈的社会经济矛盾时才作了一些微调。这些国家的“休克疗法”造成了严重的后果，如政治动荡、生产滑坡、财政状况恶... Since the middle and late 1980s, the countries such as the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe successively experienced the transition from the traditional planned economy to the market economy. The transition basically followed the so-called “shock therapy.” Only some countries later made some fine-tuning in the face of fierce social and economic contradictions. The “shock therapy” in these countries has had serious consequences, such as political turmoil, landslide production, poor fiscal conditions ...