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目的分析乌鲁木齐地区63例成人麻疹住院病例的临床、实验室及人群分布特点,为控制成人麻疹提供依据。方法运用描述流行病学,采用Excel方法,对2007年10月～2008年3月,新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收住的乌鲁木齐地区63例成人麻疹住院病例的临床资料进行分析。结果63例麻疹病例的平均年龄(25.5±0.05)岁,均有发热,体温以39.1～40.0℃为多;61例(96.8%)有皮疹,54例(85.7%)入院时有口腔麻疹黏膜斑;26例(41.3%)并发急性气管-支气管炎,28例(44.4%)胸片显示肺部有炎性阴影。在血常规检测中,11例(17.5%)白细胞计数和中性粒细胞比例明显升高,18例(28.6%)丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高。全部患者经治疗后痊愈出院。结论成人麻疹病例临床症状有重有轻,并发症常见。是否应对高危人群的成人进行免疫,值得探讨和关注。
Objective To analyze the clinical, laboratory and population characteristics of 63 adult measles hospitalized patients in Urumqi region and provide the basis for controlling adult measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiology and Excel method were used to analyze the clinical data of 63 adult measles inpatients in Urumqi from October 2007 to March 2008 in People ’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Results The average age of 63 measles cases was (25.5 ± 0.05) years old and both had fever. The temperature ranged from 39.1 ℃ to 40.0 ℃. There were rash in 61 cases (96.8%) and mucosal plaque in 54 cases (85.7% 26 cases (41.3%) had acute tracheobronchitis, and 28 cases (44.4%) showed inflammatory shadow in the lungs. Eleven patients (17.5%) had a significantly higher leukocyte count and neutrophil ratio, while 18 patients (28.6%) had elevated alanine aminotransferases. All patients recovered after treatment. Conclusion The clinical symptoms of adult measles are heavy and light, complications are common. Whether or not to immunize adults at high risk is worth discussing and paying attention to.