胶体骨折或足部打击的应激大鼠显示血浆内ACTH与B-内啡肽同时增加,而切除垂体的鼠不显示这种应答。但以地塞米松治疗的鼠却显示血浆ACTH及β-内啡肽同时减少。这些观测构成了现代下丘脑-垂体应激反应假说的根据,提出:①ACTH和β-内啡肽同时从垂体释放出来,②其调节机制(下丘脑释放因子及理糖激素的反馈),包含着两种神经多肽的分泌与生物合成都是相同和相等的。 正常小鼠垂体腺的组织培养实验和垂体肿瘤细胞株(AtT-20)也支持这个假说。ACTH与β-促 Stress rats with colloidal fractures or foot strikes showed simultaneous increases in plasma ACTH and B-endorphin, whereas hypophysectomized mice did not show this response. However, rats treated with dexamethasone showed reduced plasma ACTH and β-endorphin. These observations form the basis for the hypothesis of modern hypothalamic-pituitary stress response and suggest that: (1) both ACTH and β-endorphin are released from the pituitary at the same time; (2) their regulatory mechanisms (hypothalamic release factor and feedback from the glucocorticoid) Both neuropeptide secretion and biosynthesis are the same and equal. The hypothesis is also supported by the tissue culture experiments of the normal mouse pituitary gland and the pituitary tumor cell line (AtT-20). ACTH and β-promote