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探究汉娜.阿伦特“思维”理论的思想渊源,应包涵苏格拉底对自返性思考能力的关注、康德“人是目的”实践理性思想、海德格尔的存在之思以及卡尔.雅斯贝斯无限沟通能力的公共理性理论等。汉娜.阿伦特的“思维”理论具有重要的伦理学意义,在理论上,它揭示了人类道德行为产生的精神机制;在实践上,它提供了分析当下社会道德冷漠现象的一个视角。这种思维能力通过自返性的对话及与他者共在的沟通,实现了对他者存在的理解与同情,必然也就能够实现康德所希望实现的“不把他人仅仅当作手段的”的这种人类共生状态,那么所有非人道的底线行为就无从产生,生命相互尊重的共生状态就能够得以建构,道德冷漠也便无处遁形。
To explore the origin of Hannah Arendt ’s theory of “thinking ” should include Socrates ’ attention to the ability of reflexivity, Kant ’s idea of “man is purpose ” and Heidegger ’ s thought of existence As well as Karl Jasper’s unlimited communicative ability of public rationality theory. Hannah Arendt’s “thinking ” theory has important ethical significance, in theory, it reveals the spiritual mechanism of human moral behavior; in fact, it provides a analysis of social moral indifference of the moment Perspective. This thinking ability realizes the understanding and sympathy for the existence of the other through the self-repercussion dialogue and mutual communion with others, and will inevitably achieve the hope that Kant hopes to achieve. “Do not treat others as mere means ”This state of human symbiosis, then all inhumane bottom line behavior can not produce life symbiotic mutual respect can be constructed, moral indifference will nowhere to hide.