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目的探讨足月儿、早产儿患化脓性脑膜炎(purulent meningitis,PM)临床特点的异同。方法对我院新生儿中心2007年2月至2013年2月98例确诊化脓性脑膜炎的患儿进行回顾性分析,按胎龄分为足月儿组、早产儿组,对两组的临床特征进行对比分析。结果足月儿组以发热(χ2=12.529,P<0.001)、抽搐(χ2=5.286,P=0.022)为突出表现,而早产儿组则以肌张力降低为突出表现(χ2=11.113,P=0.001)。足月儿组治愈患儿的治疗时间为(22.92±7.69)d,早产儿组为(33.88±15.16)d。电话随访结果显示,足月儿组、早产儿组遗留后遗症的比例分别为25.00%、29.41%。结论早产儿较足月儿缺乏发热、抽搐等颅内感染的典型表现,治愈所需时间较长,且遗留严重后遗症比例更高,故需加强重视早产儿化脑的早期诊疗。
Objective To investigate the similarities and differences of clinical features of purulent meningitis (PM) in term children and premature infants. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 98 children with confirmed purulent meningitis in our neonatal center from February 2007 to February 2013. The children were divided into full-term infants and premature infants according to gestational age, Characteristics of comparative analysis. Results The full-term infants showed prominent fever (χ2 = 12.529, P <0.001) and convulsions (χ2 = 5.286, P = 0.022) 0.001). Full-term treatment of children with child treatment time was (22.92 ± 7.69) d, premature children was (33.88 ± 15.16) d. The telephone follow-up results showed that the proportion of leftovers in full-term children and premature children were 25.00% and 29.41% respectively. Conclusion Premature infants lack the typical manifestations of fever, convulsions and other intracranial infections and require longer time to cure, and the proportion of serious sequelae left behind is higher. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the early diagnosis and treatment of premature infant brain.