论文部分内容阅读
为了阐明昆明市重要水源区不同林分类型对土壤抗侵蚀性的影响,以昆明迤者小流域3种不同林分下土壤为研究对象,通过野外模拟和室内分析相结合的方法,分析3种不同林地土壤的抗侵蚀性能。结果表明:3种典型样地的土壤抗剪强度值差异显著,土壤抗剪强度大小为:云南松林地﹥针阔混交林地﹥桉树林地。3种不同林地土壤抗冲系数差异不显著,土壤抗蚀指数针阔混交林地最大(39%),桉树林地次之(37%),云南松林地最小(24%)。桉树×云南松混交林在大雨强和长历时降雨条件下林下土壤抵抗崩解的效果更显著。用主成分分析法来分析3种不同林地土壤的抗侵蚀特性,得到3种不同林地的土壤抗侵蚀性的综合评价模型:Y=0.763Y1+0.236Y2,进而得出不同林地的土壤抗侵蚀性强弱排序为:针阔混交林地(0.150)﹥桉树林地(0.127)﹥云南松林地(-0.079),混交林防治水土流失的效果明显强于纯林。
In order to clarify the effects of different stand types on soil erosion resistance in important water source areas of Kunming, soil under three different stands in Kunming small watershed was selected as the research object. Through the combination of field simulation and laboratory analysis, Soil erosion resistance of different forest land. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil shear strength between the three typical plots. The shear strength of soil was as follows: Pinus yunnanensis> mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest> eucalyptus forest. There was no significant difference in soil anti-scourability between the three kinds of woodlands. Soil anti-erosion index was the largest (39%) in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, followed by eucalyptus forest (37%) and smallest in Yunnan pine forest (24%). Eucalyptus × Pinus yunnanensis mixed forest is more effective in soil anti-collapse under heavy rain and long-term rainfall. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the anti-erosion characteristics of three kinds of forest soils. The comprehensive evaluation model of soil anti-erosion was obtained in three kinds of woodlands: Y = 0.763Y1 + 0.236Y2, and then the soil erosion resistance The order of strength and weakness is: Mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest (0.150)> Eucalyptus forestland (0.127)> Pinus yunnanensis forestland (-0.079). The effect of mixed forest on soil and water loss prevention and control is obviously stronger than pure forest.