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岩体是经过漫长的地质演化过程而形成的复杂结构体，由于地质构造运动的影响，其内部存在大量的断层、节理、层理和地质弱面。这些地质结构面（即损伤）的存在，破坏了岩体的整体性，影响着岩体的变形性质和强度特性，从而导致岩体开采沉陷更加复杂，即：在规律上的非规范性、在程度上的剧烈性和在损害上的严重性。因此，仅采用常规的开采沉陷理论来分析和解决矿山开采沉陷工程问题已暴露出诸多的缺陷和不足。基于上述问题和认识，提出了矿山开采沉陷理论研究和实践应用的新思路：将损伤力学及分形几何等现代非线性科学应用于开采沉陷学科领域，在现有的开采沉陷理论基础上，进一步揭示岩体（特别是地质构造复杂的岩体）开采沉陷的更深层次的机理、特征和规律，进一步发展矿山开采沉陷学科，使其在理论上更完备、实践上更符合实际、工程预测上更准确、应用上切实可行。在此研究思路的指导下，就节理对岩体采动沉陷规律的影响、采动岩体裂隙分形分布及演化规律、采动断层活化的分形界面效应等３个问题进行了一系列的理论研究和实验研究：（１）初始节理（初始损伤）对采动岩体沉陷规律的影响研究①为了研究岩体内初始损伤（初始节理）对开采沉陷的影响规律，分别制作无节理和考虑节理倾角单因素的相似材?
Rock mass is a complex structure formed through long geological evolution process. Due to the influence of geological structure movement, there are a large number of faults, joints, bedding and geological weakness inside. The existence of these geological structural planes (ie, damage) destroys the integrity of the rock mass and affects the deformation and strength characteristics of the rock mass, resulting in more complex subsidence of the rock mass, ie, The degree of severity and the severity of the damage. Therefore, only using the conventional mining subsidence theory to analyze and solve the mining subsidence engineering problems have exposed many defects and deficiencies. Based on the above problems and understanding, this paper puts forward a new idea of the research and practical application of the theory of mining subsidence: applying modern nonlinear science such as damage mechanics and fractal geometry to the field of mining and subsidence, further revealing the existing mining subsidence theory The deeper mechanisms, characteristics and laws of the subsidence in the rock mass (especially the geologic structure of the complex rock mass) further develop the discipline of mining subsidence, making it more complete in theory, practically more practical and more predictable in engineering , Practical application. Under the guidance of this research train of thought, a series of theoretical researches have been carried out on three issues: the influence of joints on the law of mining and subsidence of rock mass, the fractal distribution and evolution of fractured rock mass, and the fractal interface effect of active fault mining (1) Effect of initial joints (initial damage) on the law of subsidence of mining rock In order to study the influence law of initial damage (initial joint) on mining subsidence in rock mass, Single-factor similar material?