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企业“黑箱”问题的实质是企业理论对企业内部组织方式、生产性行为的解释力问题。新古典经济学和新制度经济学理论都没有打开企业的“黑箱”。本文以演化的观点,通过对组织惯例的分析,回答了“黑箱”中关于企业成长和企业异质性的两个基本问题。进而通过对惯例与组织知识、能力、关系和契约之间的相互关系的深层剖析,揭示了惯例的双重性,即认为惯例既具有契约性又具有生产性,是沟通企业契约理论和知识能力理论的桥梁。从而指出了惯例在整合现有企业理论过程中的重要作用,强调了惯例研究对发展企业理论的意义。
Enterprise “black box ” The essence of the problem is the problem of the explanatory power of enterprise theory on the internal organization and productive behavior of enterprises. Neo-classical economics and neo-institutional economics do not open the business “black box ”. From an evolutionary point of view, this essay answers two basic questions about firm growth and firm heterogeneity in “Black Box ” through the analysis of organizational practices. Furthermore, through the deep analysis of the relationship between practice and organizational knowledge, abilities, relationships and contracts, it reveals the duality of the conventions, that is, the practice is both contractual and productive. It is the theory of communication firm contract and the theory of knowledge ability Bridge. It points out the important role of routines in the process of integrating existing firm theories and emphasizes the significance of routine studies in developing firm theory.