The redox states of cytochrome c (cyt. c) of the respiratory electron transport carriers, in the deficient thylakoid of spinach chloroplast, crista vesicles of liver mitochondria and their combined system were monitored. The reconstituted system prepared by combining deficient thylakoid with crista vesicles showed a higher reductive effects of cyt. c than the system prepared by combining chloroplast and mitochondria. The less inhibition effects of photosynthetic chain and respiratory chain on light-induced reduction of cyt. c in combined system had been observed. Further, with cooperation between photosynthetic chain inhibitor and respiratory inhibitor, the combined system still showed the light-induced cyt, c reductive effects.These results indicated that the deficient thylakoid can combine with crista vesicles in the hypotonic solution to form a fused membrane in which the electron carriers of both energy transfer membranes can link together, and that the linkage of electron carriers may be in multipl The redox states of cytochrome c (cyt. C) of the respiratory electron transport carriers, in the deficient thylakoid of spinach chloroplast, crista vesicles of liver mitochondria and their combined system were monitored. The reconstituted system prepared by combining deficient thylakoid with crista vesicles showed a higher reductive effects of cyt. c than the system prepared by combining chloroplast and mitochondria. The less inhibiting effects of photosynthetic chain and respiratory chain on light-induced reduction of cyt. c in combined system had been observed. Further, with cooperation between photosynthetic chain inhibitor and respiratory inhibitor, the combined system still showed the light-induced cyt, c reductive effects .sese results that deficient thylakoid can combine with crista vesicles in the hypotonic solution to form a fused membrane in which the electron carriers of both energy transfer membranes can link together, and that the linkage of electron carriers may be in multipl