肺炎是小儿的主要常见病,多见于婴幼儿,也是婴幼儿时期主要死亡原因。首都儿科研究所报告1981年7月～1983年6月的425例肺炎中77.9%为2岁以内的婴幼儿,62.1%为1岁以内的婴儿。根据北京儿童医院统计,1971～1980年10年内肺炎病儿占儿内科住院病儿总死亡数的18.3%。国内1975～1976年21个儿科单位调查,肺炎病儿占儿内科全年总住院人数的24.5～56.2%。南方和北方因地区差别,发病率有所 Pneumonia is the main common disease in children, more common in infants and young children, but also the main cause of death. The Capital Institute of Pediatrics reported 77.9% of 425 pneumonia cases between July 1981 and June 1983 as infants under 2 years of age and 62.1% of infants under 1 year of age. According to statistics from Beijing Children’s Hospital, pneumonia accounted for 18.3% of the total number of deaths from pediatric inpatients in the 10 years from 1971 to 1980. The survey of 21 pediatric units from 1975 to 1976 in China accounted for 24.5% to 56.2% of the total number of hospitalizations for pediatric internal medicine in the year. South and North due to regional differences, the incidence rate of some