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义项形式特征指一个义项在具体使用中赖以表现其意义内涵的表达形式与搭配环境,是能被计算机识别的标志物,主要体现在词性、句法功能、语义特征三个方面。本文探讨了义项形式特征的类型、特点和有效性,并在实际操作层面探索义项形式特征的提取方法,进而反思传统词典义项与机用词典义项的区别。着重阐述义项形式特征与意义内涵之间的关系,主张立足于义项意义内涵差异寻求义项形式特征差异,在强调义项形式特征的同时,也要防止“唯形式决定论”的倾向。
The meanings of the meanings of a senses refers to the expressions and collocations of a sentencing which are used to express their meanings in concrete use. It is a sign that can be recognized by the computer, mainly in part of speech, syntactic functions and semantic features. This article explores the types, characteristics and validity of the formal features of senses, and explores the extraction methods of the formal features of the senses at the level of practical operation, and then rethinks the differences between the traditional ones. It focuses on the relationship between the formal features of meaning and the connotation of meaning. It advocates seeking the differences of the features of the forms of senses based on the meaning of the meanings of the senses, and emphasizing the features of the forms of senses as well as the tendency of preventing the “deterministic determinism”.