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箭舌豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)属豆科巢菜属,又叫野豌豆、春巢菜、大巢菜、光叶苕子等。原产于欧洲南部、亚洲西部,我国主要分布于西北、华北各地。我省自1951年引入坝上高寒地区种植,表现良好。一般亩产种子150—200斤,鲜草2000—3000斤,干草400—600斤。围场县白云皋大队地势高寒少雨,1976年曾获得大面积亩产种子300斤。该县郭家湾大队大面积亩产种子达480斤。在张家口坝上高寒低产地区的沽源县种牛场,亩产种子350斤。在察北牧场试种,亩产鲜草最高达7216斤,干草1169斤。我所1967—1968年在保定地区试种,亩产种子128.7—215斤,干草287—457斤,盛花期青割时亩产鲜草3560斤。箭舌豌豆为高蛋白饲料作物,含有10种必需氨基酸,其鲜草含粗蛋白质2.1—3.8％,干草含粗蛋白质15％左右,种子含粗蛋白质29.72％(表1、2)。
Miao tongue pea (Vicia sativa L.) is a leguminous vetch, also known as wild pea, spring nest dishes, big vetch, light leaves raccoon and so on. Originated in southern Europe, western Asia, China is mainly distributed in the northwest and north China. The province has been introduced into the alpine region since 1951 and has performed well. General mu produce 150-200 kg of seeds, fresh 2000-3000 pounds, hay 400-600 pounds. Baoyu County Baiyungao terrain alpine rain, in 1976 won a large area of 300 acres of seed yield. Guo County Bayou County large-scale production of seedlings up to 480 pounds. In Zhangjiakou dam alpine low-yielding areas Guyuan cattle farm, mu yield 350 pounds. In Chabei ranch trial planting, yielding up to 7216 kilograms of fresh grass, hay 1169 pounds. Our 1967-1968 trial planting in Baoding, 128.7-215 kg per mu of seeds, 287-457 kg of hay, full bloom flowering mu 3560 pounds per mu yield. The tongue-opening pea is a high-protein feed crop containing 10 essential amino acids. Its fresh grass contains 2.1-3.8% crude protein, hay contains about 15% crude protein, and seeds contain 29.72% crude protein (Table 1 and Table 2).