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本文研究了四类芸苔属蔬菜种子的劣变及其荧光物质泄漏的关系。所用的材料包括芥蓝类的2个栽培种,白菜类的2个栽培种,菜心类的4个栽培种和一种芥菜栽培种。所有上述的干热杀死的种子,当它们吸胀时都明显地在其吸胀介质中(滤纸)泄漏出一种在紫外灯(2537 (?))下可见的荧光物质,但并非所有的自然劣变而丧失荫发力的种子都能泄漏这一水平的荧光物质。可泄漏这一水平的荧光物质的死种子占整个不能萌发种子的百分数的变化主要与该类种子的劣变程度有关。对完全不能萌发的陈种,这一百分数变化的顺序还与这些种子的劣变系数(反映它们的抗劣变能力的大小)相平行,即基本有下列顺序:芥蓝类>白菜类>菜心类>芥菜类。因此这一百分数的变化可作为衡量和比较这种种子抗劣变的指标。这一百分数大则意味着这类种子抗劣变能力差而不耐贮藏。这些种子的荧光物质泄漏的差异性可能标志着它们因劣变而造成细胞分室作用及膜功能破坏的程度。用菜心和芥菜种子为材料经荧光显微镜观察发现,荧光物质主要分布于胚轴和这层子叶中,有生活力的种子吸胀时,这些荧光物质被保留在它们所处的器官中,而干热杀死的种子或天然劣变致死的种子则将该物质泄漏于外。经与芥子碱标准品的层析和光谱学的比较实验表明,死种子泄漏的荧光物质主要是芥子碱。
In this paper, we studied the relationship between the deterioration of four kinds of Brassica vegetable seeds and the leakage of fluorescent substances. The materials used include 2 cultivars of kale, 2 cultivars of cabbage, 4 cultivars of Brassicaceae and a mustard cultivar. All of the above dry heat killed seeds, when they swell, apparently leak a fluorescent substance visible in the UV lamp (2537 (?)) In their imbibition medium (filter paper), but not all Natural deterioration and loss of shade of the seeds can leak this level of fluorescent substances. The percentage of dead seeds that could leak this level of fluorescent material in the entire non-germinable seed was primarily related to the degree of deterioration of that seed. The order of the percentage change to the non-germinating species is also in parallel with the coefficient of variation of these seeds (reflecting their resistance to spoilage), ie in the following order: kale> cabbage> Heart class> mustard class. Therefore, this percentage change can be used as an indicator to measure and compare the resistance of the seed against deterioration. This high percentage means that these seeds are poor at resistance to deterioration and are not resistant to storage. The differences in the leakage of the fluorescent substances of these seeds may indicate the extent to which they deteriorate the cell compartment and the function of the membrane. Using Brassica juncea and Brassica juncea seeds as materials, it was found by fluorescence microscopy that the fluorescent substances are mainly distributed in the hypocotyl and the cotyledons. When living seeds swell, the fluorescent substances are retained in the organs in which they are located Dry heat killed seeds or natural deterioration of the dead seeds will be the material leaked. Chromatography and spectroscopic comparison with sinapine standards showed that the fluorescent substance leaked from dead seeds was mainly sinapine.