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“变式实验”即为通过变换实验情境、改变实验条件、发展实验内容、发散实验结论等而设计出来的新实验。通过变式实验可以训练学生思维的深度、广度、灵活度,增强学生应用所学知识解决具体问题的能力。变式实验具有一定的灵活性和发散性,使得学生在解决这类问题时感到非常的不适应。要在平时的教学中更好地突破这类问题,首先就要辨析变式实验的表象——“变”在哪些环节,把握变式实验的本源——“不变”的内涵。下面以近几年江苏高考试题为例,谈谈变式实验中的变与不变。
“Variant experiment ” is a new experiment designed by changing the experimental situation, changing the experimental conditions, developing the experimental content, diverging experimental conclusions and so on. Variant experiments can train the depth, breadth and flexibility of students ’thinking and enhance students’ abilities to apply their knowledge to solve specific problems. Variant experiments have some flexibility and divergence, making students feel very inappropriate to solve such problems. In order to break through this kind of problems better in ordinary teaching, we must first identify the appearance of variant experiments - in which aspects of “variant”, grasp the origin of variant experiments - the meaning of “immutable” . Below in recent years, Jiangsu college entrance examination exam questions, for example, to talk about variable experiments in the same and unchanged.