为了探讨食物与饮水对神经管缺陷发生的影响，我们对河北省１２个出生缺陷监测点１９９１～１９９３年间收集的１２３例神经管缺陷病例，按１∶１配比进行单因素χ２检验和条件ｌｉｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析。结果显示：母亲既往出生缺陷史，孕期多食干、腌蔬菜，饮水中硝酸盐含量偏高（含氮量＞１０ｍｇ／Ｌ），少食肉、蛋、豆类是促进神经管缺陷发生的危险因素。 In order to explore the impact of food and drinking water on the occurrence of neural tube defects, we analyzed 123 cases of neural tube defects collected from 1991 to 1993 in 12 birth defects monitoring stations in Hebei Province. The single factor χ2 test and the conditional liogistic regression analysis. The results showed that the mothers had a history of birth defects, more dry food during the pregnancy, pickled vegetables, high nitrate content in drinking water (nitrogen content> 10mg / L), less eating meat, eggs, beans are risk factors to promote neural tube defects .