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文章采用非参数前沿方法,对中国工业行业的能源效率特征及其影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明,工业行业能源效率普遍偏低,而且能源与资本、劳动之间的替代效应微弱。这主要是由工业化进程中所形成的刚性高耗能技术结构所导致的。从长期看,技术进步和能源价格对提高工业行业的能源效率具有正向作用。这意味着节能减排的重点必须立足于长期,进一步推进能源价格改革,建立节能减排长效机制,弱化长期以来形成的高耗能技术结构。
In this paper, the non-parametric frontier method is used to empirically analyze the energy efficiency characteristics of China’s industrial sector and its influencing factors. The results show that energy efficiency in the industrial sector is generally low, and the substitution effect between energy and capital and labor is weak. This is mainly caused by the structure of rigid high energy-consuming technologies formed in the process of industrialization. In the long run, technological progress and energy prices have a positive effect on improving the energy efficiency of the industrial sector. This means that the focus of energy-saving emission reduction must be based on long-term, further promote energy price reform, establish a long-term energy-saving emission reduction mechanism, weakening the long-formed energy-intensive technology structure.