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采用定位试验,研究了施用新鲜牛粪(15000和75000 kg·hm~(-2))和绿肥(36000kg·hm~(-2))对玉米产量、土壤呼吸和土壤化学、物理性状的影响.结果表明:与单施化肥相比,土地整治区施用牛粪的玉米籽粒增产7.2%~29.9%,千粒重增加2.5%~18.2%,活性有机碳和有机质含量分别增加5.3%~34.6%和8.0%~17.6%.施用绿肥的玉米籽粒增产10.8%~15.6%,千粒重增加4.5%~8.4%,活性有机碳含量增加14.1%~48.6%,在第二年土壤有机质含量增加了7.2%.施用牛粪和绿肥的土壤呼吸速率增加了20.0%~69.3%.施用牛粪和绿肥增加了土壤容重,减少了总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度,分别增加了<0.01 mm和0.05~1 mm粒径团聚体的比例.连续2年在土地整治区施用牛粪和绿肥不仅能够增加玉米籽粒产量,而且已经对土壤物理化学性质的改善表现出积极的作用.
The effects of applying fresh cow dung (15000 and 75000 kg · hm -2) and green manure (36000 kg · hm -2) on the yield, soil respiration, soil chemistry and physical properties of maize were studied using the location test. The results showed that compared with the single application of chemical fertilizers, the maize kernels applying cow dung increased by 7.2% -29.9%, the thousand-kernel weight increased by 2.5% -18.2%, the content of active organic carbon and organic matter increased by 5.3% -34.6% and 8.0% ~ 17.6% .The application of green manure increased the yield of maize kernels by 10.8% -15.6%, the thousand kernel weight increased by 4.5% -8.4%, the active organic carbon increased by 14.1% -48.6% and the organic matter content increased by 7.2% in the second year. And green manure increased by 20.0% -69.3% .Dump manure and green manure increased the bulk density of soil, reduced the total porosity and capillary porosity, increased the particle size of aggregates <0.01 mm and 0.05-1 mm, respectively The two consecutive years of application of cow dung and green manure in the land remediation area not only increased corn grain yield but also had a positive effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil.