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犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒(Canine distemper virus,CDV)感染引起的一种高度接触性传染病,其可跨宿主感染不同科属的多种动物并造成较高的死亡率,因此该病对养犬业、经济动物养殖业和野生动物保护业造成了很大危害。近年来,随着生态环境变化及病毒变异,CDV的宿主范围也不断扩大。目前已鉴定的CDV两种受体—SLAM和nectin-4,分别在宿主免疫细胞和上皮细胞上表达,二者与CDV血凝素(H)蛋白的相互作用是决定CDV跨宿主感染和病毒诱导宿主免疫抑制等致病性的基础。本文就近年来国内外对CDV受体及其跨宿主感染研究进展进行了综述。
Canine distemper is a highly contagious disease caused by Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection and can cross-host multiple animals of different genera and cause a high mortality rate. Therefore, Kennel industry, economic animal husbandry and wildlife protection industry has caused great harm. In recent years, with the changes of ecological environment and virus variation, the host range of CDV has also been expanding. At present, two receptors of CDV, SLAM and nectin-4, have been identified on host immune cells and epithelial cells, respectively. The interaction between CDAM and hemagglutinin (H) protein determines the cross-host infection and virus induction of CDV Host immunosuppression and other pathogenic basis. This review summarizes the progress of CDV receptor and its cross-host infection in recent years.