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清华简《耆夜》所见“饮至”礼,学者们多主张为春秋时期举行的军事凯旋、庆功的祭祀仪式。事实上,春秋饮至礼的使用范围广泛、内容繁多,并非仅仅在军礼中有所体现,而主要是在诸如农事、兵事、田猎、出行等诸事完成返归本处后在宗庙举行报祭的告庙祭祀仪式,具有宗教神圣主义的性质;但事成伴随着收获的再分配,使饮至礼同时也具有了世俗主义的特征,文献所见赏功、赐物即此。随着理性主义的发展,饮至礼的神圣主义内容在隐退,而世俗主义功能在强化,这是近代以来学者误判饮至礼为军事凯旋庆功仪式的原因。
Tsinghua Simple “Qi Ye” see “drink to ” ceremony, many scholars advocate for the Spring and Autumn Period military triumph, celebration of the ritual. In fact, the use of the Spring and Autumn Drinking Ceremony is extensive and varied in content. It is not merely reflected in the military ceremonies but mainly held in the Jongmyo Temple after the return of all things such as farming, military affairs, field hunting and traveling, etc. Of the Temple sacrificial rituals, with the nature of religious holiness; but with the redistribution of harvest, so that drink at the same time also has the characteristics of secularism, literature see meritorious deeds, thanks to that. With the development of rationalism, the sacramental content of drinking ceremony is receding, while the secularism function is strengthening. This is the reason why scholars mistakenly judge that the ceremony of giving drink to the ceremony is the military triumphal ceremony in modern times.