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目的:研究妊娠期和哺乳期染镉(Cd)对雄性子代性腺发育的影响及作用机制。方法:SD孕鼠16只随机分为4组:2个染Cd组(A组、B组)、正常对照组(C组)和阳性对照组(D组),每组4只。A组和B组于妊娠第9日、第11日、第13日及产后隔日腹腔注射氯化镉(CdCl2),剂量分别为每次1.2mg/kg、1.5mg/kg;C组腹腔注射等量生理盐水;D组于妊娠9￣17d及产后隔日皮下注射己烯雌酚(DES)每次100μg/kg。出生后30d,光学显微镜、电子显微镜观察仔鼠睾丸形态及组织学改变,免疫组织化学法检测睾丸细胞色素P450胆固醇侧链裂解酶(P450scc)和雌激素受体α(ERα)的表达水平,放射免疫法测定血清睾酮、FSH、LH含量。结果:与C组比,B组睾丸质量和体积减小(P<0.05)。A组、B组和D组睾丸生精上皮均发生不同程度的发育阻滞和超微结构损伤,血清T和LH含量均较C组显著下调(P<0.001),间质细胞中P450scc表达减弱(P<0.05)。B组、D组的精原细胞和间质细胞中ERα表达较C组有所增强(P<0.05)。结论:Cd能对胚胎期至青春期前雄性大鼠性腺发育过程产生干扰。
Objective: To study the effects of cadmium (Cd) during pregnancy and lactation on gonadal development in male offspring and its mechanism. Methods: Twenty-four pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 2 Cd group (group A, group B), normal control group (group C) and positive control group (group D), 4 rats in each group. Groups A and B received intraperitoneal injections of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) at doses of 1.2 mg / kg and 1.5 mg / kg on days 9, 11, 13, The rats in group D received 100 μg / kg diethylstilbestrol (DES) subcutaneously every 9 days and 17 days of gestation and every other day after birth. At 30 days after birth, the testis morphological and histological changes were observed under optical microscope and electron microscope. The expressions of cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain lyase (P450scc) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in testis were detected by immunohistochemistry. Serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels were determined by immunoassay. Results: Compared with group C, testicular mass and volume in group B were decreased (P <0.05). The developmental and ultrastructural damage of testicular germinal epithelium in groups A, B and D were observed. The contents of T and LH in serum were significantly lower than those in group C (P <0.001), while the expression of P450scc in interstitial cells was weakened (P <0.05). The expression of ERα in spermatogonia and stromal cells in group B and group D was more than that in group C (P <0.05). Conclusion: Cd can interfere with the gonadal development of male rats from embryonic to adolescent.