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目的 探讨慢性乙肝患者血清25-(OH)D3及miR-378水平与HBV病毒载量的关系.方法 收集74例慢性乙肝患者,按照HBV DNA高低分为2组,运用化学发光法测量25-(OH)D3,采用qRT-PCR法测定miR-378和HBV DNA水平.采用回归法分析miR-378表达量、25-(OH)D3水平与HBV DNA含量之间的关系.结果 CHB患者血清HBV DNA含量与血清25-(OH)D3水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.001),与miRNA-378表达量呈负相关(r=-0.24,P=0.002);血清miR-378表达量与25-(OH)D3水平呈现正相关(r=0.18,P=0.021).患者年龄和性别标准化调整后,HBV DNA含量与25-(OH)D3水平负相关(B1=-0.198,P=0.008),与miR-378表达量负相关(B2=-0.177,P=0.020).结论 CHB患者血清25-(OH)D3以及miRNA-378均能够抑制机体内HBV复制,但是血清25-(OH)D3不直接通过miRNA-378来调控HBV DNA复制水平.“,”Objective To investigate the relationship between serum 25-(OH) D3 and miR-378 levels and HBV viral load in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Serum samples from 74 patients with chronic, hepatitis B. Chemiluminescence was used to measure 25-(OH)D3. The levels of miR-378 and HBV DNA were determined by qRT-PCR. The relationship between miR-378 expression, 25-(OH) D3 level and HBV DNA content was analyzed by regression analysis. Results Serum HBV DNA levels in CHB patients were significantly negatively correlated with serum 25-(OH)D3 levels(r=-0.32,P<0.001),and negatively correlated with miRNA-378 expression (r=-0.24,P=0.002). There was a positive correlation between serum miR-378 expression and 25-(OH) D3 levels (r=0.18, P=0.021). HBV DNA levels in serum was negatively correlated with 25-(OH) D3 levels (B1=-0.198, P=0.008) and negatively correlated with miR-378 expression (B2=-0.177, P=0.020). Conclusion Serum 25-(OH) D3 and miRNA-378 in CHB patients can inhibit HBV replication, but 25-(OH) D3 does not directly regulate HBV DNA replication levels through miR-NA-378.