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本文基于网络嵌入性理论,从“互惠”这一视角讨论了产业集群的网络治理机制。以集群网络的“关系一结构”特征分析作为研究的逻辑起点,其后,通过Axelrod“基于重复博弈”的直接互惠模型和Nowak&Sigmund“基于形象计分”的间接互惠模型解释了集群网络特征对集群企业间互惠的影响,并探讨了集群企业间互惠对集群竞争优势的促进作用。研究结果表明:集群网络关系的异质性和网络结构的不均匀性能够促进集群企业重复博弈和声誉信息传递,从而满足了集群企业直接互惠和间接互惠的产生条件;同时,集群企业间互惠通过提升创新绩效、节约交易成本、优化资源配置等途径增强了集群竞争优势。
Based on the theory of network embeddedness, this paper discusses the network governance mechanism of industrial clusters from the perspective of reciprocity. Based on Axelrod’s “reciprocal game-based” direct reciprocity model and Nowak & Sigmund’s “Image-based Score” indirect indirect model, this paper uses the “relationship-structure” feature of cluster network as the logical starting point of the research. The influence of cluster network characteristics on the reciprocity of cluster enterprises is discussed and the promotion effect of mutual benefit among cluster enterprises on cluster competitive advantage is also discussed. The results show that the heterogeneity of cluster network relationship and the heterogeneity of network structure can promote the repeated game and reputational information transfer of cluster enterprises so as to satisfy the condition of direct and indirect mutual benefits of cluster enterprises. Meanwhile, Enhance innovation performance, save transaction costs, optimize the allocation of resources and other means to enhance the cluster competitive advantage.