目的　探讨血清肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF α)、白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )、白细胞介素 6 (IL 6 )在Ⅰ型糖尿病患儿发病中的作用。方法　应用放射免疫技术 ,对Ⅰ型糖尿病患儿 32例、健康儿童 2 2例的血清TNF α、IL 2、IL 6、C 肽 (C P)的水平进行测定。结果　 (1)糖尿病组TNF α水平 [(1.11± 0 .2 4) μg/L]低于正常对照组 (t=4.6 8P <0 .0 1) ,IL 6水平 [(0 .79± 0 .2 0 ) μg/L]低于正常对照组 (t=4.0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,IL 2水平 [(7.9± 2 .4) μg/L]高于正常对照组 (t=3.6 0 ,P <0 .0 1) ;C 肽水平 [(0 .79± 0 .19) μg/L]低于正常对照组 (t=7.0 8,P <0 .0 1)。正常对照组TNF α为 (1.37± 0 .12 ) μg/L ,IL 6为 (0 .98± 0 .11)μg/L ,IL 2为 (5 .9± 1.0 ) μg/L ,C 肽为 (1.14± 0 .16 ) μg/L。 (2 )血糖的变化与TNF α、IL 2、IL 6均无相关关系 (r=0 .2 47、0 .30 1、0 .2 38,P均 >0 .0 5 ) ,C 肽的降低与TNF α、IL 6的降低呈正相关 (r =0 .5 81、0 .491,P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,与IL 2的升高呈负相关 (r =- 0 .46 1,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　血清TNF α、IL 6、IL 2的变化可能与Ⅰ型糖尿病患儿自体免疫炎症反应的发生过程有一定关系 Objective To investigate the role of serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF α), interleukin 2 (IL 2) and interleukin 6 (IL 6) in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes in children. Methods The levels of serum TNFα, IL 2, IL 6, C peptide (C P) in 32 children with type 1 diabetes and 22 healthy children were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The level of TNFα in diabetic group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(1.11 ± 0.24) μg / L] (t = 4.668 P <0.01) (T = 4.05, P <0.01), IL 2 level (7.9 ± 2.4 μg / L) was lower than that of the normal control group (t = 3.6 0, P <0.01). The level of C peptide [(0.79 ± 0.19) μg / L] was lower than that of the normal control group (t = 7.08, P <0.01). In the normal control group, TNFα was (1.37 ± 0.12) μg / L, IL 6 was (0.98 ± 0.11) μg / L, IL 2 was (5.9 ± 1.0) μg / L, (1.14 ± 0.16) μg / L. (2) There was no correlation between the changes of blood glucose and TNFα, IL 2 and IL 6 (r = 0.27, 0.30, 1.02.28, P both> 0.05) And was positively correlated with the decrease of TNFα and IL-6 (r = 0.581,0.491, P <0.05), but negatively correlated with the increase of IL 2 (r = - 0.46 1, P <0 .0 5). Conclusion The changes of serum TNFα, IL-6 and IL-2 may be related to the occurrence of autoimmune inflammation in type 1 diabetic children