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目的 :了解肺栓塞 (PE)的病因、症状、体征、诊断及治疗措施。方法 :回顾性分析 2 2例PE患者的年龄、性别、发病原因、临床表现及治疗方法等。结果 :2 2例中接受治疗 2 0例 (90 .9% ) ,其中 2例行导管介入碎栓及溶栓术 ,1例放置下腔静脉滤器 ,1例行肺动脉血栓切除术。治愈或改善 18例 (81.8% ) ,无效 2例 (9.1% ) ,2例未经治疗者死亡。结论 :PE主要由体循环静脉内血栓引起 ,源自下腔静脉系统最常见。PE常因症状无特异性 ,临床易出现误诊、误治。对易感患者应重视预防PE的发生 ,术后或因病卧床的患者早期活动、预防性抗凝治疗等均可有效地降低PE的发病率。对确诊者应立即给予抗凝、溶栓、肺动脉内膜剥脱术或肺动脉介入等相应的治疗。
Objective: To understand the etiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 22 cases of PE patients with age, gender, causes, clinical manifestations and treatment methods. Results: Twenty cases (90.9%) were treated in 2 of 22 cases. Among them, 2 cases underwent catheterization and thrombolysis, 1 case had inferior vena cava filter and 1 case had pulmonary thrombectomy. 18 cases (81.8%) were cured or improved, 2 cases (9.1%) were ineffective, and 2 died without treatment. Conclusion: PE is mainly caused by venous thrombosis in the systemic circulation, which is most common in the inferior vena cava system. PE often non-specific symptoms, clinical misdiagnosis, mistreatment. On the susceptible patients should pay attention to the prevention of PE, postoperative or bedridden patients early activities, preventive anticoagulant therapy, etc. can effectively reduce the incidence of PE. The diagnosis should be given immediately anticoagulation, thrombolysis, pulmonary endarterectomy or pulmonary artery intervention and other appropriate treatment.