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了解地震前原有裂纹的长度是当前地震学引进断裂力学理论的主要问题之一。为此我们应用地震破裂过程中的某些特征,经验地估计震前原有裂纹的长度。 由观测发现,不少地震的初始破裂方向与总体破裂方向是不一致的,这意味着地震破裂面的走向在破裂过程中是不断变化的。在双侧破裂的情况下,地震断裂面是一个具有S形的复杂曲面,1976年唐山7.8级地震和1969年南非西锐斯(Ceres)6.3级地震就
Understanding the length of the original crack before the earthquake is one of the main problems in the current seismological theory of fracture mechanics. To this end, we apply some characteristics of the earthquake rupture process and empirically estimate the length of the original crack before the earthquake. The observation shows that the initial rupture direction of many earthquakes is not consistent with the general rupture direction, which means that the direction of the ruptured rupture surface is constantly changing during the rupture. In the case of bilateral rupture, the rupture surface is an S-shaped complex surface. In 1976, the 1976 Tangshan earthquake and the 1969 Ceres 6.3 magnitude earthquake in South Africa