选用３月龄雌性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠４０只，随机分为５组：正常对照（Ａ组）；卵巢切除（Ｂ组）；卵巢切除＋尼尔雌醇（Ｃ组）；卵巢切除＋钙＋维生素Ｄ３（Ｄ组）；卵巢切除＋尼尔雌醇＋钙＋维生素Ｄ３（Ｅ组）。１５周后测血清钙、磷和碱性磷酸酶、骨密度，观察光镜及电镜下骨标本图片。结果表明，单用尼尔雌醇或单用钙＋维生素Ｄ３均可预防骨质疏松。用尼尔雌醇＋钙＋维生素Ｄ３优于单用尼尔雌醇或单用钙＋维生素Ｄ３。从而表明，联合用药可较好地抑制骨吸收，对促进骨形成有协同作用。 Forty female Wistar rats aged 3 months were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control (group A), ovariectomy (group B), ovariectomy + nilestriol (group C), ovariectomy + calcium + vitamin D3 (Group D), ovariectomy + nilestriol + calcium + vitamin D3 (group E). After 15 weeks, serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density, light microscopy and electron microscopy were recorded. The results show that single use of nilestriol alone or calcium + vitamin D3 can prevent osteoporosis. Nilestriol + Calcium + Vitamin D3 is superior to nilestriol alone or Calcium + Vitamin D3 alone. Thus, the combination of drugs can better inhibit bone resorption, to promote bone formation have a synergistic effect.